This is because they may have tularemia as a result of the bite. When possible, a person should avoid spending time in areas where biting flies are common. Examples include marshlands, forests, shady areas, or locations that have very dense plant life. Avoiding the outdoors at times of day when flies tend to bite, such as the late afternoon, can also help.
If a person has an infected-looking bite or numerous bites on their body, they should seek medical attention. Otherwise, at-home treatments to reduce inflammation and irritation can usually help relieve most symptoms.
A wolf spider bite is rarely dangerous and does not usually require treatment. If a wolf spider bites a human, they can often treat it as they would…. Some essential oils can help ease the itch of a bug bite, including peppermint and menthol, tea tree, and lavender oil. However, there is still much…. Horseflies are common in rural areas and around bodies of water. Because their bite is more a cut than a puncture, the site may be especially…. Mosquito bites are a common occurrence that can cause inflammation and itching.
The bites are usually not harmful themselves, but mosquitoes may carry…. What to know about fly bites Medically reviewed by Owen Kramer, M. Save Pin More. Wild garden small flying insect. Everything you need to know about itchy, painful fly bites. Start Slideshow. Here are five common U. Horse fly. Sand fly bites mountain leprosy leishmaniasis. Deer Fly bites biting sting. Close up of black fly bites biting.
Female Biting Midge gnat bites. Bug bites. Replay gallery. The genera of greatest importance to human and livestock health in the U. Very little information exists regarding biting midges in Indiana, but distribution data reveal that several species occur in the state. The common name "sand fly" at times is applied to members of the biting midge family Ceratopogonidae and the black fly family Simuliidae, but it usually is reserved for blood-sucking species in the subfamily Phlebotominae of the family Psychodidae.
There are an estimated species of phlebotomine sand flies in the world, including 14 species in the U. Only one of these species bites humans, and it is not known to be involved in the transmission of disease agents. Phlebotomine sand flies are known to be vectors of viruses, bacteria, and protozoa that cause human disease in Asia, Africa, southern Europe, and Latin America. Their most important involvement is the transmission of protozoan species in the genus Leishmania.
Depending on the species and region in which they are transmitted, Leishmania parasites can cause a serious disease known as " visceral leishmaniasis " or "Kala-Azar" plus several forms of disfiguring skin diseases collectively known as " cutaneous leishmaniasis. Biting midges are very small, ranging in size from mm in length.
They typically are grayish, but more reddish when filled with blood. Wings of many species, including some that feed on humans, contain dark patterns, which give them a grayish appearance Figure 1. The mouthparts of biting midges consist of a fleshy sheath inside of which are four, minute cutting blades that lacerate the skin, inflicting sharp, burning pain. Visible only with a microscope, biting midge larvae possess a pigmented head capsule and minute chewing mouthparts.
Equally tiny, biting midge pupae resemble those of numerous related flies Figure 2. Relatively few species have been studied, and the account below is based largely on pest species that have been reared in captivity. Females typically require a blood meal for development of eggs, but those of a few species are capable of producing an initial batch of eggs without feeding. Eggs are laid in a mass on various moist surfaces and hatch in days.
There are four larval stages Figure 2 , with larval development completed in about two weeks to a year or more, depending on temperature and food supply.
The pupal stage typically is formed in the same site as the last larval stage, and adults emerge in days. They are often found near bodies of water where their larvae grow. Black flies can be found throughout most of the United States, but their bites do not appear to transmit diseases here. Black flies typically bite near the head or face.
Their bites leave a small puncture wound, and can result in anything from slight swelling to a swollen bump the size of a golf ball. Other symptoms can include headache, nausea , fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Apply ice to the area for fifteen minute intervals to reduce swelling from a black fly bite. You can apply cortisone or prescription topical steroids to the affected area. Washing the area with soap and water can reduce the risk of infection.
Biting midges are extremely small at only 1 to 3 millimeters in length. The larvae, which are white, can only be seen with a microscope. Bites from biting midges resemble small red welts.
They can be found all over North America. In other parts of the world, biting midges can transmit filarial worms to humans, which live inside the skin. This can result in dermatitis and skin lesions. Avoid scratching the bites of biting midges.
Treatment with cortisone or prescription topical steroids can help. For natural remedies, you can apply aloe vera topically. Stable flies strongly resemble the standard house fly, but are slightly smaller in size at 5 to 7 millimeters. They have seven circular black spots in a checkerboard pattern on their abdomen. Stable flies can be found all over the world, and are particularly prevalent around livestock.
Stable fly bites often feel like sharp needle pricks, and occur most often on the feet, ankles, behind the knees, and legs. Red rashes and small, raised red bumps are common at the bite mark. You can take medications like Benadryl to reduce itching and swelling and apply ice to the bite mark to reduce pain.
Benadryl can also reduce hives caused from the bite. Preventing fly bites is much easier and less painful than having to treat them.
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